Kungani Imibhoshongo Yokupholisa Yesifunda Evaliwe Idume Kangaka?

 

 

 

Imibhoshongo yokupholisa yesekethe evaliwe ithole ukuthandwa ngokushesha ekupholiseni kwezimboni kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-HVAC ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo ezibanzi: ukusebenza okuzinzile kokupholisa, ikhwalithi yamanzi ahlanzekile, ukonga amanzi namandla, impilo ende yesevisi, nokusebenza okubanzi. Seziphenduke isixazululo esithandwayo samaphrojekthi amaningi, zibhekana nezithiyo eziningi ezingokwemvelo zemibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile yendabuko emnyombweni wayo.

 

 

Okokuqala, bahlinzeka ngamanzi okupholisa ahlanzekile ngaphandle kokungcola noma ukukala, avikela imishini ebalulekile. Imibhoshongo yokupholisa yesekethe evaliwe ithatha ikhoyili-ngokushintshisana kokushisa okuvaliwe okusekelwe kukhoyili: i-process medium igeleza ngaphakathi kwamakhoyili ngeluphu evaleke ngokugcwele, ihlukaniswe nomoya ongaphandle bese isifutha amanzi. Lokhu kuvimbela uthuli, izinambuzane, i-sediment, nolwelwe ekungeneni ohlelweni. Kubaluleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okunembayo okufana nezikhungo zedatha, ama-compressor komoya, imishini yokubumba umjovo,{4}}amafurnace amaphakathi, amasistimu abamba amanzi, namadivayisi e-laser. Kwehlisa kakhulu ukukala nokuvala amapayipi, izishintshisi zokushisa, namavalvu, kwehlisa izindleko zokulungisa, futhi kugcine -ukusebenza kahle kokushintshisana kokushisa kwesikhathi eside okuzinzile. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile, ethambekele ekungcoleni, ukuvaleka, nokulawulwa okungekuhle kwekhwalithi yamanzi, imibhoshongo yokupholisa evaliwe iyafinyelelwa.ukungcola kwamanzi okuyizirongokomthetho-inzuzo yabo ebaluleke kakhulu.

 

 

 

Okwesibili, ziletha ukusebenza kokupholisa okuzinzile okungaphazanyiswa ukuguquguquka kwemvelo nomthwalo. Imibhoshongo yokupholisa yesekethe evaliwe ingashintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo phakathi kwezindlela ezintathu: okumanzi, okomile, kanye nokumanzi okuxubile{1}}okumanzi. Ezinkathini ezishisayo, isifutho esigcwele kanye namafeni asetshenziselwa ukushintshaniswa kokushisa okuthuthukisiwe; entwasahlobo nasekwindla, isifutho singamiswa, abalandeli kuphela abahlinzeka ngokupholisa okomile. Ngisho nasebusika, zigcina izinga lokushisa elizinzile ngaphandle kokubanda noma ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle. Ukusebenza kahle kwawo kokushintshaniswa kokushisa akuthintwa kancane izinga lokushisa lendawo kanye nomswakama, nokushintshashintsha okuncane kwezinga lokushisa lamanzi aphumayo. Bahlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zemishini yokunemba kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza eziqhubekayo zokushisa okungashintshi, ingcindezi, nokugeleza, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwamahora angama-24.

 

 

Okwesithathu, banikeza ukonga amanzi namandla asele, okuholela ezindlekweni eziphansi zokusebenza-zesikhathi eside. Imibhoshongo yokupholisa evamile evulekile ithola ukuhwamuka okuphezulu nokulahlekelwa ukukhukhuleka, futhi ikhwalithi yamanzi ephansi idinga ukushaywa njalo nokushintshwa. Imibhoshongo yokupholisa evaliwe cishe ayinakho ukulahleka kokukhukhuleka; Isifutho samanzi sihwamuka kuphela odongeni olungaphandle lwamakhoyili, kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi30%~50%uma kuqhathaniswa nemibhoshongo evulekile-iwusizo ikakhulukazi emanzini{1}ezifunda eziyivelakancane. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-coefficient yabo yokudlulisa ukushisa okuphezulu nokushintshashintsha-abalandeli befrikhwensi namaphampu kufanelana nezidingo zomthwalo, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kakhulu phakathi{4}}nezikhathi zokulayisha eziphansi. Nakuba utshalomali lwasekuqaleni luphakeme kancane kunemibhoshongo evulekile, ukonga emanzini, kugesi, nasekunakekeleni ngokuvamile kuvame ukuvala umehluko phakathiIminyaka engu-1-3, ngezinzuzo zezomnotho zesikhathi eside-eziphakeme kakhulu.

 

 

 

Okwesine, zifaka impilo ende yesevisi, ukunakekelwa okulula, namazinga aphansi okuhluleka. Njengoba isisetshenziswa sangaphakathi singathintani nomoya, amapayipi namakhoyili ajwayele ukugqwala, ukukala, nokugqwala, anweba kakhulu impilo yesevisi yamayunithi ayinhloko, amaphampu, amavalvu, nezishintshisi zokushisa. Ukunakekela okuvamile kuhlanganisa kuphela ukuhlanza izihlungi, ukuhlola amasistimu wokufuthwa nezifeni, nokuqapha ikhwalithi yamanzi, ngaphandle kokuncishiswa njalo, ukukhishwa kwamagciwane, nokususwa kolwelwe oludingekayo emibhoshongweni evulekile. Ezindaweni ezingenabantu noma eziphansi{3}}ezilungiswayo njengezimboni, amapaki ezimboni, namagumbi emishini, athembekile futhi alula, ehlisa kakhulu isikhathi sokunakekelwa nokuthuthukisa ukuqhubeka kokukhiqiza.

 

Okwesihlanu, banokusebenza okubanzi kakhulu futhi bazivumelanisa nezimboni ezahlukahlukene. Imibhoshongo yokupholisa yesekethe evaliwe ingapholisa amanzi, i-ethylene glycol, uwoyela, isipholile, imidiya yamakhemikhali, nolunye uketshezi. Asetshenziswa kakhulu ezikhungweni zedatha, i-central air conditioning, ukubumba umjovo, i-electroplating, i-metallurgy, ubunjiniyela bamakhemikhali, imithi, i-electronics, amandla amasha, nezinye izimboni. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi okwemithombo yokushisa-ephezulu, ivimbela{4}iqhwa ebusika, ukupholisa okuhlanzekile, noma izindawo zokuvikela{5}}eziqhumayo, zingashintshwa kalula ngokukhetha izinto ezibonakalayo,{6}}idizayini yokunqanda, kanye{7}}nokulungiselelwa kokuvikela ukuqhuma. Ukwengeza, ukwakheka kwazo okuhlangene konga isikhala, futhi amayunithi amaningi angaxhunywa ngokuhambisana ukuze anwetshwe, ahlangabezane nezidingo kusukela kumayunithi amancane azimele ukuya kumasistimu amakhulu okupholisa aphakathi nendawo.

 

 

 

Okokugcina, azivumelani nemvelo futhi athobela izindinganiso zesimanje zezimboni. Izakhiwo zokupholisa ezivaliwe azinakho ukuchichima kwendle, ukukhukhuleka okuncane, umsindo ophansi, nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, ukuhlangabezana nemvelo,{1}}izinqubomgomo zokonga amanzi{2}kanye{2}nekhabhoni ephansi. Kulula ukuzigunyaza ekwakhiweni kwepaki, ukuhlolwa kwemvelo, kanye{4}}namaphrojekthi okulungisa okonga amandla. Ngezidingo ezikhulayo zebhizinisi zokonga amandla, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, kanye nobuhlakani, inani eliphelele lemibhoshongo yokupholisa evaliwe seligqame kakhulu.

 

 

 

 

 

Kafushane, ngazo zonke-izinzuzo eziyindilinga zokuzinza, ukuhlanzeka, ukonga amandla, ukuqina, ukusetshenziswa kalula, nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, imibhoshongo yokupholisa eyindilinga evaliwe iyakubona ngempela "ukupholisa okusebenzayo{1}}okusebenza mahhala{1}kumahhala." Zivikela izinto zokusebenza ngenkathi zehlisa izindleko zizonke, zizenza zidume kakhulu kumasistimu wokupholisa wesimanje kanye nokukhetha okujwayelekile kokuthuthukiswa kokupholisa kwezimboni.