Umbhoshongo wokupholisa ovaliwe wegedlela lokuphendula

 

Njengemishini yokusabela eyinhloko kumakhemikhali, imithi, izinto ezintsha nezinye izimboni, amaketela okusabela akhiqiza ukushisa okunamandla phakathi nezinqubo ze-exothermic ezifana ne-polymerization, i-nitrate kanye ne-oxidation, efuna ukulawulwa okunembile kwezinga lokushisa. Izinga lokushisa elingalawuleki lingase liholele ekubalekeni kokusabela, kwenyuswe{1}}yimikhiqizo kanye nezingozi zokuphepha. Ifaka phakathi-ubuchwepheshe bokushintshisana kokushisa okuvaliwe okubili, imibhoshongo yokupholisa evaliwe isiphenduke isixazululo esithandwayo sezinhlelo zokupholisa igedlela le-reaction, okuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwemidiya yenqubo ngenkathi ifinyelela ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukonga amandla, ukuphepha nokuzinza.

 

 

1. Isimiso Esiyinhloko: I-Dual-Circuit Closed Heat Exchange, Isolating Ukungcola kanye Nokulahlekelwa

 

 

Ngokungafani nemibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile ene-spray yokupholisa ngokuqondile,ukupholisa imibhoshongo evaliweidizayini yesistimu-yangaphakathi{1}}ye-loop dual{2}}yangaphakathi, ehlangabezana kahle nezimfuneko eziqinile zokuhlanzeka zamaketela okuphendula.

 

 

Isistimu Yokujikeleza	Ukugeleza Okusebenzayo	Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko	Izimo Ezisebenzayo Zegedlela Lokusabela
Ukuzungeza Kwangaphakathi	Ijakhethi yegedlela/ikhoyili esabelayo → ikhoyili epholisayo evaliwe → ibuyele egedlela lokusabela, ngamanzi athambile/amanzi okucubungula aphakathi nendawo	Kuvalwe ngokuphelele, akukho ukuthintana nomoya wangaphandle noma ukungcola, ukungcola okungazero	Imidiya{0}ehlanzekile ephezulu, amanzi enqubo ebolayo, izinto ezivutha umlilo neziqhumayo
Ukujikeleza Kwangaphandle	Isifutho samanzi sakha ifilimu yamanzi phezu kwekhoyili yombhoshongo opholisayo → umoya ophoqelelwe kanye nokuchithwa kokushisa okuhwamukayo ngefeni → ukujikeleza kwephampu yesifutho	Ukushintshaniswa kokushisa okungaqondile, ukushisa kudluliselwa kuphela ngamakhoyili ngaphandle kokungcolisa ingaphakathi-loop medium	Izimo ezidinga -ukuvikela ukukala kanye{1}}nokuvikela ukugqwala kwamaphayiphi egedlela lokusabela

 

Ngesikhathi sokushintshisana kokushisa, ukushisa okuvela-ku-circulation medium kudlulisa ngodonga lwekhoyili kuye{1}}efilimini yamanzi ejikelezayo. Ifilimu lamanzi limunca ukushisa ngokuhwamuka, futhi ifeni ikhipha umoya oshisayo noswakeme ukuze ifinyelele ukupholisa. Lo mklamo ugcina ingaphakathi-eliphakathi nendawo elijikelezayo lihlanzekile, livimbela ukukala nokuvaleka kwamabhantshi egedlela, futhi lehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kuze kufike ku-1/10 kuphela wemibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile, okunciphise kakhulu izindleko zokusebenza.

 

 

2. Izimo Zohlelo Lokusebenza kanye Nokukhetha Okubalulekile Kwamagedlela Okusabela

2.1 Izimo Zokusebenza Ezijwayelekile

 

I-Batch Reaction Kettle Control Control: Ilungisa ngokunamandla umthamo wokupholisa wamaketela okusabela angu-500–5000L, ilawula ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwedigri engu-±1, ilungele ukuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali okuphakathi, i-polymerization nezinye izinqubo.

Isistimu yokusabela kokugeleza okuqhubekayo: Ihlinzeka ngamanzi okupholisa amazinga okushisa aphansi-aphansi okuzinzile ukuze akhiqize okuqhubekayo, iqinisekisa izinga lokushisa elifanayo ngaphakathi kwama-reactor futhi igwema ukushintshashintsha kokusebenza okubangelwa ukushisa okweqile kwasendaweni, okusetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni yemithi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinto ezintsha.

Ukupholisa Okumaphakathi Okukhethekile: Iphatha amanzi enqubo yokubola (i-asidi/i-alkali), i-ethylene glycol, uwoyela wokudlulisa ukushisa neminye imidiya ekhethekile; ukugqwala{0}}amakhoyili aqinile (316L insimbi engagqwali, ingxubevange ye-titanium) andisa impilo yesevisi.

 

2.2 Amapharamitha Wokukhetha Okubalulekile

 

Ukushisa Ukubala: Kunqunywa umthamo wokushisa weketela lokusabela ngefomulaQ = m×c×Δt(m: isilinganiso sokugeleza esimaphakathi, c: umthamo wokushisa othize, Δt: umehluko wezinga lokushisa). Kunconywa imaji yokuphepha engu-10–20%. Isibonelo, igedlela lokusabela elingu-1000L le-polymerization (≈200kW umthwalo wokushisa) lidinga umbhoshongo wokupholisa ovaliwe onokunqanyulwa kokushisa Okukhulu noma okulingana no-240kW.

I-Inlet/Outlet Water Temperature: Idizayini ejwayelekile: i-inlet 37 degree, i-outlet 32 ​​degree; izinga lokushisa elisondelayo (umehluko phakathi kwamanzi aphumayo kanye nezinga lokushisa le-ambient elimanzi-lebulb) elilawulwa ku-3–7℃ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokupholisa{5}}ezindaweni zezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.

 

Ukukhetha Okubalulekile:

Izimo ezivamile zokusebenza: amakhoyili ensimbi engagqwali angu-304, abiza{1}}ngempumelelo;

Izimo ezigqwalile/eziphezulu{0}}zokuhlanzeka: 316L insimbi engagqwali, ithusi{2}}i-nickel alloy noma i-titanium, i-corrosion{3}}imelana nokunukubezeka{4}}okukhululekile;

Izindawo zokuvikela ukuqhuma{{0}:izindawo zokuvikela ukuqhuma-abalandeli namamotho afakazela ukuqhuma athobelana ne-ATEX, i-OSHA namanye amazinga omkhakha.

Isistimu yokulawula: Ifakwe isistimu yokulawula ehlakaniphile ye-PID,{0}}isikhathi sangempela siqapha amazinga okushisa egedlela lokusabela nombhoshongo wokupholisa, ilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isivinini sabalandeli kanye nevolumu yokufafaza yamanzi ukuze ifane kahle nomthwalo wokushisa, igweme ukupholisa ngokweqile noma ukushisa ngokweqile.

 

3. Ukufakwa nokusebenza kanye nokulungisa okubalulekile

3.1 Imininingwane Yokufaka

 

Izidingo Zesisekelo: Umthamo wokuthwala isisekelo sombhoshongo uhlangabezana nesisindo semishini kanye nomthwalo wokusebenza; isisekelo sikakhonkolo esinconyiwe ngephutha lokucaba Ngaphansi noma kulingana no-5mm.

Isakhiwo sesikhala: Ibanga phakathi kombhoshongo nezindonga/izithiyo Omkhulu noma olingana nezikhathi ezingu-1.5 ububanzi bombhoshongo ukuze kungene umoya owanele; indawo yokulungisa Inkulu kuno noma ilingana no-1.2m ukuze kufakwe imibhoshongo eminingi ngokuhambisanayo.

Uxhumano Lwepayipi: Amapayipi{0}}omjikelezo wangaphakathi asebenzisa ukuxhumana kwe-flange namalunga aguquguqukayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukudlidliza; amapayipi-angaphandle afakelwe izihlungi ukuvikela ukuvaleka kwemibhobho.

 

3.2 Isu Lokusebenza Nokunakekela

 

Isondlo Esijwayelekile: Hlanza{0}}izihlungi ezijikelezayo zangaphandle nyanga zonke, hlola imibhobho yesifutho ukuze ivaleke; hlola amabhande abalandeli kanye nokusebenza kwemoto njalo ngekota, qinisa izingxenye ezixekethile.

Isondlo Esivamile: Amakhoyili ahlanzekile ngamakhemikhali kancane-ngonyaka ukuze kukhishwe isikali nokungcola ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokushintshanisa ukushisa; hlola ukugqwala kwamakhoyili minyaka yonke bese ubuyisela izingxenye ezilimele ngesikhathi.

I-Winter Anti{0}}Ukubanda: Isistimu yokunqanda-ukubanda iyadingeka ezindaweni ezibandayo ezisenyakatho: engeza isinqanda-qhwa kumanzi angaphandle-ahambisa amanzi noma khipha amanzi anqwabelene kumapayipi ngesikhathi sokuvalwa ukuze ugweme ukuqhekeka kwamakhoyili.

 

4. Ukuqhathanisa ne-Open Cooling Towers: Kungani Uhlobo Oluvaliwe Lukhethwa Kumagedlela Okusabela

 

 

Ubukhulu bokuqhathanisa	Umbhoshongo wokupholisa ovaliwe	Vula umbhoshongo wokupholisa	Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kuma-Reaction Kettles
Ukungcola Okumaphakathi	Ukujikeleza okuvaliwe, akukho ukungena kokungcola	Ukuxhumana okuqondile nomoya, kulula ukwethula uthuli nama-microorganisms	Uhlobo oluvaliwe oluncanyelwayo{0}}lwezinqubo zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu kanye nemidiya ebolayo
Ukusebenza Kokonga Amanzi	Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphansi (≈1–2m³/100m²·h)	Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphezulu (≈10–15m³/100m²·h)	Ukonga kakhulu ezindaweni-eziyivelakancane yamanzi
Ukuvikelwa Kwezisetshenziswa	Ivimbela ukukala kwejakhethi nokugqwala	Ithambekele ekulinganiseni nasekuvinjweni, kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kweketela lokusabela	Inweba impilo yesisetshenziswa ekusebenzeni-kwesikhathi eside
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala	Iphakeme ngokuqhathaniswa (izikhathi ezingu-1.5-2 zohlobo oluvulekile)	Phansi	Izindleko zomjikelezo wempilo ephansi-(inkokhelo eminyakeni engu-2–3)

 

 

5. Icala lesicelo semboni

 

Ibhizinisi elihle lamakhemikhali lasebenzisa amaketela okusabela angu-5000L ekwenzeni i-polymer material. Umbhoshongo wokupholisa ovulekile wasekuqaleni ubangele ukukhuphuka okukhulu kwamajakhethi eketela, ukuhlanzeka komkhiqizo okuphansi ngo-15% kanye nokuvalwa njalo ukuze kuhlanzwe. Ngemva kokushintsha i-L-Zhou-I-Bing-I-Feng ivaliwe umbhoshongo wokupholisa (ofakwe amakhoyili ensimbi engagqwali angu-316L kanye nesistimu yokulawula izinga lokushisa ehlakaniphile):

Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa okusabelayo okulawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-± 0.5 degree, ubumsulwa bomkhiqizo bukhuphuke baba ngu-99.8%;

Ukonga amanzi minyaka yonke ≈12,000m³, isikhathi sokuvala sokuhlanza sehliswe ngamahora angu-200;

Ukusebenza kahle kwezisetshenziswa kuthuthuke ngo-25%, izindleko eziphelele zonyaka zehliswe ngo-18%.

 

6. Isiphetho

 

Imibhoshongo yokupholisa evaliwe yamaketela okusabela iyisisetshenziswa esibalulekile sezinqubo eziphephile, ezisebenza kahle nezihambisana nemvelo. Ubuchwepheshe obubili-bokushintshanisa ukushisa okuvalekile buwaxazulula kahle amaphuzu ayinhloko wokupholisa igedlela. Izinzuzo ezigcwele zingabonakala kuphela ngokufaniswa kwepharamitha okunembile ngokusho komthwalo wokushisa, izici eziphakathi nendawo nendawo yokufaka, kanye nokuhambisana ngokuqinile nezicaciso ekufakweni, ukusebenza nokugcinwa.

 

Ezimbonini zamakhemikhali, ezemithi kanye nezinye, amasistimu okupholisa avaliwe awazona nje izinto zokupholisa kodwa futhi nezimiso eziyisisekelo eziqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza nokugwema izingozi zokuphepha. Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuhlakani bemboni, ukulawula okuhlakaniphile kanye nokubuyiselwa kokushisa kwemfucuza kuzoba izitayela, kuthuthukiswe futhi izinzuzo ezibanzi zezinhlelo zokupholisa igedlela lokusabela.