Imibhoshongo yokupholisa evaliwe ihluke kakhulu emibhoshongweni yokupholisa evulekile

 

 

 

 

Njengemishini evamile yokushintshisana ukushisa kuhlelo lwemboni kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya, imibhoshongo yokupholisa evaliwe ihluke kakhulu emibhoshongweni yokupholisa evulekile emigomeni yokusebenza, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, izici zokusebenza, kanye nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza. Nakuba bobabili behlose ukuzuza ukushisa nokupholisa, imiqondo yabo yedizayini eyinhloko kanye nokuma kokusebenza kwehluke ngokuphelele, okuthinta ngokuqondile ukukhetha kwabo nokusebenza kokusebenza ezinhlelweni ezingokoqobo. Okulandelayo ukuqhathanisa okuningiliziwe kwemibhoshongo emibili yokuthayipha.

 

 

Umehluko oyisisekelo kakhulu phakathi kokuvaliwe nokuvaliweimibhoshongo evulekile yokupholisa amangaezimisweni zabo zokusebenza, ezibuye zinqume izici zabo zokusebenza eziphelele. Imibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile isebenzisa i-exchmethod yokushisa ethintana ngokuqondile:{1}}amanzi aphezulu azungezayo anezinga lokushisa eliphezulu afafazwa ngokulinganayo kungqimba lokupakisha ngesistimu yokufafaza, enze ifilimu lamanzi elincanyana elithintana ngokugcwele nomoya oqhutshwa yi-fa dissipation ngokuyinhloko ifinyelelwa ngezindlela ezimbili: ukushintshana kokushisa okunengqondo phakathi kwamanzi nomoya, kanye nokuhoxiswa kokushisa okucashile okubangelwa ukuhwamuka kwamanzi okubangwa ukuhwamuka kwamanzi. U-80% wengqikithi yokushabalaliswa kokushisa. Ngemva kokushintshana kokushisa, amanzi apholile awela ku-sump engaphansi futhi aphindiselwe ohlelweni ukuze ahanjiswe. Nokho, phakathi nenqubo yakhe, amanzi ajikelezayo aphumela emoyeni ngokuqondile, okuwenza athambekele ekuxubaneni nothuli, ukungcola, namagciwane avela endaweni ezungezile.

 

 

 

 

Ngokuphambene, ukupholisa okuvaliwe t indlela yokushintshanisa ukushisa kokuxhumana okungaqondile. Uketshezi lwenqubo oluzopholiswa luzungeza ngaphakathi kwekhoyili evaliwe, lungathintani ngqo nomoya wangaphandle. Isistimu yesifutho ifutha ukupholisa indawo engaphandle yekhoyili, yenze ifilimu yamanzi. Ukushisa okuvela-kuketshezi oluphezulu lwezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwekhoyili kudluliselwa emanzini afuthwayo ngodonga lweshubhu, futhi ifeni engu-e ishayela ukugeleza komoya ukuze kukhiphe ukushisa ngokuhwamuka nokuguquguquka. Amanzi afuthwayo awela ku-sump ukuze ajikelezwe, kuyilapho uketshezi lwenqubo luhlala luhlanzekile futhi lungangcoliswanga ngaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindawo zokupholisa ezivaliwe zingashintsha{6}}phakathi kwemodi yokuhwamuka okugcwele, imodi eyomile, kanye nemodi exubile ngokuya ngezinga lokushisa le-ambient, ukulinganisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla nokongiwa kwamanzi.

 

 

Ngokuhambisana nezimiso zabo zokusebenza ezihlukene, izingxenye zesakhiwo semibhoshongo emibili yokupholisa nazo zihluke kakhulu. Imibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile inesakhiwo esilula, ikakhulukazi esihlanganisa umzimba wombhoshongo, ungqimba lwe-acking, isistimu yesifutho, i-sump, kanye ne-drift eliminator. Isendlalelo sokupakisha ngokuvamile senziwe ngamapuleti kathayela e-PVC ane-ara enkulu ethile yendawo (kufika ku-200-400 square metres per cubic meter) ukuthuthukisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwamanzi nomoya. I-drift eliminator isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokukhukhuleka kwamanzi, kanye ne-sumply exhunywe ohlelweni lokujikeleza. Nakuba kulula ukuyihlanza, iphinde ijwayele ukukhula kanye nokukhula kwe-algae.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Imibhoshongo yokupholisa evaliwe inokwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi, okuphakathi kuyikhoyili evaliwe, ngokuvamile eyenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali noma ithusi, ekwazi ukumelana nokucindezela okuhle (1.6-2.5 MPa) kanye ne-thermal conductivity. Ngaphezu kwesimiso sokukhuleka, isiphephetha-moya, ne-sump, bafakwe izinto zokuqeda ukukhukhuleka ukuze kuvinjwe amanzi okufutha ukuthi angathwalwa wumoya. Amanye amamodeli afakwe namaqhwa avimbela{4}iqhwa njengamateyipu okushisa kagesi ukuze avumelane nezimo zezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Ngenxa yokwengezwa kwekhoyili,imibhoshongo yokupholisa evaliwebanokumelana komoya okukhulu kunemibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile, ngakho-ke abalandeli abahambisanayo bavame ukuba phezulu.

 

 

Mayelana nezici zokusebenza, zombili izinhlobo zemibhoshongo yokupholisa zinezinzuzo ezihlukile kanye nokubi. Imibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile inikeza izinzuzo ezifana nokusebenza kahle kokushisa okuphezulu, isakhiwo esilula, ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala okuphansi, nezindleko zokulungisa eziphansi. Angakwazi ukwehlisa ngokushesha izinga lokushisa lamanzi ngokushintshana kokushisa okuqondile, okuwenza afanelekele-izindawo zokupholisa zezimboni ezinkulu lapho izidingo zekhwalithi yamanzi zingekho phezulu. Kodwa-ke, zisebenzisa amanzi amaningi ngokulahlekelwa okukhulu kokuhwamuka, futhi amanzi ajikelezayo athambekele ekungcolisekeni, adinga ukwelashwa kwamanzi njalo ukuze kugqwale kanye nokukalwa.

 

 

Izinqaba zokupholisa ezivaliwe zihamba phambili ekongiweni kwamanzi nasekuvimbeleni ukungcola, zisebenzisa amanzi angaphansi ngo-30%-50% ngaphansi kwemibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile. I-process fluid cir iluphu evaliwe, igwema i-oxidation, ukugqwala, nokungcoliswa, okunweba ngempumelelo impilo yesevisi yezinto zokusebenza ezixhunyiwe. Zifanele ukupholisa inqubo yokunemba okuphezulu. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zabo zokuqala ekunakekeleni ziphakeme kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yokuvinjelwa kwezindonga zamakhoyili, ukusebenza kahle kwazo kokukhipha ukushisa kuphansi kancane kunemibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile.

 

 

Lo mehluko unquma ngokuqondile izimo zabo. Imibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini zikagesi, izigayo zensimbi, izinhlelo zokupholisa ezijwayelekile zezimboni, kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya ezimaphakathi, lapho izidingo zekhwalithi yamanzi zingekho phezulu futhi kudingeka nenani lemiqulu yamanzi ajikelezayo. Imibhoshongo yokupholisa evaliwe ifaneleka kakhulu ezimweni ezinezidingo zekhwalithi ephezulu yamanzi, njengemishini enembile, ukukhiqizwa kwe-electronics, kanye nemboni yezemithi/yokudla, kanye nezifunda ezinokuntuleka kwamanzi noma izindawo ezinokhahlo. Zifanele futhi ukupholisa imidiya yenqubo ebolayo noma ebizayo njengezisombululo ze-asidi nezixazululo ze-ethylene glycol.

 

 

 

 

Kafushane, imibhoshongo evaliwe ye-cog nemibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile ihluke kakhulu ezimisweni zokusebenza, ukwakheka, ukusebenza, kanye nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza. Imibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile igxila ezindlekweni{1}}zokusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle, kuyilapho izindawo zokupholisa ezivaliwe zigcizelela ukongiwa kwamanzi, ukuvimbela ukungcola, nokuzinza. Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, uhlobo olufanele kufanele lukhethwe ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zangempela ezifana nekhwalithi yamanzi, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha ukushisa, kanye nesabelomali sokutshala izimali ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile nokusebenza kahle kwesistimu yokupholisa.