Isimiso Esisebenzayo Nokuhlukaniswa Kwemibhoshongo Yokupholisa Evuliwe/C_evaliwe

Isimiso Sokusebenza

Umoya owomile onenani eliphansi le-enthalpy udonselwa embhoshongweni wokupholisa nge-grille yokungenisa umoya yifeni; ama-molecule wamanzi ashisayo anenani eliphakeme le-enthalpy kanye ne-saturated vapor pressure egeleza ukuya emoyeni ngomfutho ophansi, futhi amanzi ashisayo nanomswakama anenani eliphakeme le-enthalpy afafazwa embhoshongweni ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokusabalalisa amanzi. Lapho amaconsi amanzi ehlangana nomoya, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukudluliswa kokushisa okuqondile kwenzeka phakathi komoya namanzi; ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yomehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwendawo yomhwamuko wamanzi nomoya, ukuhwamuka kwenzeka ngaphansi kwesenzo sokucindezela. Ukuhwamuka kudonsa ukushisa ukuze kususe ukushisa, ngaleyo ndlela kufezeke inhloso yokupholisa.

Ukuhlukaniswa Kwemibhoshongo Yokupholisa

(1) Ngokwendlela yokungenisa umoya: imibhoshongo yokupholisa esalungiswa yemvelo, imibhoshongo yokupholisa esalungiswa eyimishini, nemibhoshongo yokupholisa esalungiswa exubile.

(2) Ngokwendlela yokuxhumana phakathi kwamanzi ashisayo nomoya: imibhoshongo yokupholisa emanzi, imibhoshongo yokupholisa eyomile,-nemibhoshongo yokupholisa emanzi.

(3) Ngokuya ngesiqondiso sokugeleza kwamanzi ashisayo nomoya: imibhoshongo yokupholisa i-counterflow, imibhoshongo yokupholisa ewela i-crossflow ({1}okwamanje) kanye{2}}nemibhoshongo yokupholisa exutshiwe. Lena indlela evamile yokuhlukanisa ezikhungweni zedatha.

(4) Ngokwesakhiwo sesistimu: imibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile nemibhoshongo yokupholisa evaliwe. Lena futhi kuyindlela evamile yokuhlukanisa ezikhungweni zedatha.

(5) Ngokwezinga lomsindo: imibhoshongo yokupholisa evamile,{1}}imibhoshongo yokupholisa umsindo ephansi-ephansi kakhulu-nemibhoshongo yokupholisa{4}}epholile kakhulu.

(6) Ezinye izinhlobo zifaka imibhoshongo yokupholisa ijethi, imibhoshongo yokupholisa engena fan, imibhoshongo yokupholisa i-hyperbolic, njll.

Umehluko Phakathi Kwemibhoshongo Yokupholisa Evuliwe Nevaliwe

Umgomo wokupholisa wombhoshongo wokupholisa ovulekile ukufafaza amanzi ajikelezayo ekugcwalisweni kwe-fiberglass. Ukushintshaniswa kokushisa kutholakala ngokuthintana phakathi kwamanzi nomoya; khona-ke ifeni ishayela ukujikeleza komoya embhoshongweni ukuze ikhiphe umoya oshisayo ngemva kokushintshana kokushisa namanzi, ngaleyo ndlela ibone ukupholisa. Le ndlela yokupholisa idinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuncane kokuqala kodwa izindleko zokusebenza eziphezulu (ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi nogesi). Umgomo wokupholisa wombhoshongo wokupholisa ovaliwe imijikelezo emibili nje: umjikelezo wangaphakathi kanye nomjikelezo wangaphandle. Ayinakho ukugcwaliswa, futhi ingxenye eyinhloko yi-cooler tube surface.

Umjikelezo wangaphakathi:Ixhunywe kumathuluzi okuhloswe ngawo ukwenza uhlelo lokujikeleza oluvaliwe (i-circulating medium amanzi akhishwe amaminerali). Ipholisa okokusebenza okuqondiwe futhi ithatha ukushisa entweni eqondiwe ikuyise kuyunithi yokupholisa.

Umjikelezo wangaphandle:Ipholisa umbhoshongo wokupholisa ngokwawo ngaphakathi kombhoshongo. Ayihlangani namanzi ajikelezayo angaphakathi, kodwa yenza kuphela ukushintshaniswa kokushisa nokukhishwa kokushisa ngesibandisi se-copper tube surface kumbhoshongo wokupholisa. Ngaphansi kwale ndlela yokupholisa, ukusebenza kwe-motor kusethwa ngokuvumelana nezinga lokushisa lamanzi ngokulawula okuzenzakalelayo. Kule mijikelezo emibili, lapho izinga lokushisa le-ambient liphezulu entwasahlobo nasehlobo, yomibili imijikelezo idinga ukusebenza kanyekanye. Ekwindla nasebusika, izinga lokushisa le-ambient aliphezulu, futhi umjikelezo wangaphakathi kuphela odingekayo ezimweni eziningi.

Ukuqhathaniswa Kokusebenza Phakathi Kwemibhoshongo Yokupholisa Evuliwe Nevaliwe

Vula Cooling Towers

I-medium epholile izungeza ohlelweni oluvulekile. I-circulating medium igxile ngenxa yokuhwamuka, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwengeza amakhemikhali futhi wenze amanzi unyaka wonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba indawo epholile ithintana ngqo nomoya, kulula ukungcoliswa. Lapho ihlangana nama-sulfide, uketshezi luba ne-asidi, lubangele umonakalo emishinini exhunyiwe. Ukuvalwa njalo kokulungiswa kuyadingeka, ngakho-ke ayifanele amasistimu adinga ukusebenza okuqhubekayo. Ukusebenza okuvulekile kwendawo epholile kanye nokuchayeka elangeni kungenzeka kukhiqize ulwelwe namakristalu kasawoti, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukusebenza kwesistimu. Ukusebenza okomile akunakwenzeka. Uma uketshezi kuyisixazululo esiguquguqukayo, esinobuthi, noma esicasulayo, kunezingozi ezingaba khona zokuphepha ekusebenziseni imodi yokusebenza yombhoshongo opholile ovulekile. Lapho okupholile okuphakathi kuzungeza ohlelweni oluvulekile, ukukala kungenzeka kwenzeke kumapayipi esistimu kanye nesishintshi sokushisa sezinto ezipholile, okunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokushintshisana kokushisa kwempahla epholile futhi kukhuphule izindleko zokusebenza zesistimu.

I-Cooling Towers evaliwe

Indawo epholile igeleza ngamapayipi avaliwe ngaphandle kokuxhumana nomoya ongaphandle. Ukushisa kudluliselwa phakathi kwe-tube wall of the heat exchanger kanye nomoya wangaphandle, spray amanzi, njll., ukuze ekugcineni uqaphele ukupholisa okuphakathi. Ngakho-ke, indawo epholile ngeke ingcoliswe, ihwamuke, noma igxiliswe, futhi asikho isidingo sokwenza amanzi noma ukwengeza amakhemikhali, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza nempilo yesevisi yemishini exhunyiwe, nokuphatha kwansuku zonke nakho kulula kakhulu. Ukuvalwa njalo kokugcinwa kwesondlo akudingekile, ukusebenza kuzinzile futhi kuphephile, izinga lokuhluleka kwemishini exhunyiwe lingancishiswa, futhi lifanele izinhlelo ezidinga ukusebenza okuqhubekayo. Njengoba indawo epholile ayichayeki ekukhanyeni kwelanga futhi ingaxhumani nomoya, ngeke ikhiqize ulwelwe namakristalu kasawoti, ngakho "asikho isidingo sokususa ulwelwe nosawoti", ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza{5}}okuphezulu kwesistimu. Ukomisa kungenziwa ngaphandle kokuzalanisa amagciwane ahlukahlukene, ngakho kufanelekile ikakhulukazi ezikhathini ezinezidingo zokuhlanza umoya futhi kuvame ukusetshenziswa emanzini{7}}ezindaweni eziyivelakancane neziwugwadule. Uma uketshezi kuyisixazululo esishintshashintshayo, esinobuthi, noma esicasulayo, ukusetshenziswa kwesimiso sokujikeleza esivaliwe ngeke kungcolise indawo ezungezile, ngakho-ke sisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezinezidingo eziqinile kuketshezi. Indawo epholile igeleza ngamapayipi avaliwe. Indawo epholile ngokuvamile ingamanzi akhishwe amaminerali, ngakho-ke ukukala ngeke kwenzeke kumapayipi wesistimu kanye nesishintshi sokushisa sempahla epholile. Okokusebenza okupholile kusebenza kahle, futhi lonke uhlelo lusebenzisa amandla{12}}ngokonga.

Izinyathelo zokuthi -eziqandayo kanye{1}}nezinqamule{1}}ze-Catkin for Cooling Towers

Imibhoshongo yokupholisa ngokuvamile ifakwa ezindaweni ezingaphandle njengophahla lwezakhiwo futhi ithintwa kakhulu indawo ezungezile. Ukuvimbela-umsebenzi wokuqandisa wezakhiwo zokupholisa kufanele ucatshangelwe uma izinga lokushisa liphansi, futhi izikhungo zedatha kwezinye izindawo zizongeza umsebenzi wokulwa{2}}ne-catkin entwasahlobo.

Izinyathelo zokulwa-ze-catkin ze-Cooling Towers

Ngenxa yokusebenza kwefeni yombhoshongo wokupholisa, inhlangano yokugeleza komoya engaguquki yakhiwa eduze kombhoshongo wokupholisa. Ama-catkins antanta kule ndawo azongena futhi aphume embhoshongweni wokupholisa kanye nenhlangano yokugeleza komoya, abambelele ekugcwaliseni, abalandeli, noma afake uhlelo lwamanzi okupholisa, okuthinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini yokupholisa kanye nokwandisa izingozi zokusebenza kanye nezindleko zokugcinwa kwemishini. Ukuze uvimbele ama-catkin, kuyadingeka ukuthi uthenge ukotini we-anti-we-catkin, uwunamathisele eduze nendawo ebamba umoya wesakhiwo sokupholisa, futhi njalo uhlanze ama-catkin anqwabelene ukuze ugweme ukuthikameza ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha ukushisa. (I-Anti-ikotini ye-catkin ayifanele nje kuphela ukupholisa imibhoshongo kodwa futhi namayunithi angaphandle anesimo somoya.)

Izinyathelo zokuthi-zeqhwa zokupholisa Towers

Izinduku zokushisisa zikagesi zifakwa ku-sump yombhoshongo wokupholisa. Imodi yokulawula evamile yukuthi lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi okupholisa ku-sump lehla ku-4 degree, izinduku zokushisa zikagesi ziqala ukusebenza; lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi okupholisa ku-sump likhuphuka lifika ku-8 degree, izinduku zokushisa zikagesi ziyeka ukusebenza.

Ukulandelela ukushisa kukagesi kumapayipi: Wonke amapayipi amanzi angaphandle abekwe ngokulandela umkhondo wokushisa kagesi okugoqwe ukuze kuvinjwe amapayipi ekubeni aqandiswe futhi aqhekeke.

I-fan reverse defrosting emibhoshongweni epholile: Eminye imibhoshongo yokupholisa idizayinelwe ngalo msebenzi.