Iyini i-Twin-Tower Cooling Tower?

 

 

Ngokuya ngesakhiwo, amamojula amabili-wombhoshongo wokupholisa amawele angakhethwa njengeukugeleza-okuphikisayo,{1}}ukugelezanoma imibhoshongo emisiwe yohlobo olufanayo ngokwezidingo zangempela. Izinhlanganisela ezijwayelekile ziyizibali ezikabili-imibhoshongo egelezayo noma imibhoshongo ephambana kabili{2}}egelezayo. Imibhoshongo ixhunywe ngamapayipi axhumayo, izisekelo ezihlanganyelwe, kanye nesistimu yokulawula ehlangene. Isitsha sokuqoqa siklanywe kakhulu njengesakhiwo esididiyelwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe amanzi angemuva afanayo kanye nezinga elingaguquki lamanzi lemibhoshongo emibili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibhoshongo yokupholisa ekabili-ingahle ihlelwe ngendlelai-symmetrical noma{0}}isakhiwo sangaphambili sangemuva. Isakhiwo esilinganayo sithatha indawo yesitezi enkudlwana kodwa inikeza izimo zokungena komoya ezingcono; ingaphambili-isakhiwo esingemuva sinesakhiwo esihlangene, esisenza sifanelekele amasayithi anendawo elinganiselwe yokufaka. Isakhiwo sisonke sigcina ukuzimela kombhoshongo ngamunye, kusiza ukugcinwa okuhlukile nokulungiswa kabusha.

 

 

Ngokomgomo wokusebenza, indlela yokushintshisana yokushisa yombhoshongo{0}}wombhoshongo wokupholisa okabili ihambisana naleyo yombhoshongo owodwa, womabili afinyelela ukupholisa ngawo.ukushabalalisa ukushisa okuhwamukayo kanye nokudluliswa kokushisa okuguquguqukayo. Umehluko oyinhloko usekuguquguqukeni kwemodi yokusebenza: uma umthwalo wokupholisa wesistimu umncane, umbhoshongo owodwa kuphela ongasebenza ukuze kubonwe amandla{1}}okusebenza ukonga ngaphansi komthwalo ophansi; lapho umthwalo ufinyelela noma udlula umthamo wokuklama wombhoshongo owodwa, yomibili imibhoshongo isebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze ihlangabezane{2}}nesidingo esigcwele sokupholisa umthwalo; uma umbhoshongo owodwa ubhidlika noma udinga ukulungiswa, omunye ungasebenza njengeyunithi yokusekelayo ukuze kugcinwe umsebenzi wokupholisa oyisisekelo, ukugwema ukuvalwa kwalo lonke uhlelo lokukhiqiza ngenxa yokwehluleka kwemishini.

 

 

 

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko-zemibhoshongo yokupholisa imibhoshongo ibonakala ezicini ezintathu. Okokuqala,ukuphelelwa umsebenzi okuphezulu: idizayini yemojula-embaxambili ithuthukisa kakhulu ukwethembeka kwesistimu, iyenze ifanele izimboni ezinezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokusebenza okuqhubekayo, njengezimboni zensimbi, zamakhemikhali, nezikagesi. Okwesibili,ukulungiswa komthwalo oguquguqukayo: ingabona ukushintsha phakathi-nombhoshongo owodwa kanye{1}}nombhoshongo owodwa{1}}okusebenza ngokuvumelana nezimo zangempela zokusebenza. Uma kuqhathaniswa nombhoshongo owodwa omkhulu-wokupholisa umthamo ofanayo, unganciphisa ngempumelelo amandla abalandeli ngaphansi-kwezimo eziphansi zokulayisha, ukuzuza umnotho ongcono wokusebenza. Okwesithathu,ukugcinwa okulula: imibhoshongo emibili ingavalwa ukuze ilungiswe ngokuhlukana ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwalo lonke uhlelo lokupholisa, okunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokunakekela futhi kunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza nokugcinwa (O&M).

 

 

Ngokwezimo zohlelo lokusebenza, imibhoshongo yokupholisa engamawele-emibhoshongo ifaneleka kakhulu amasistimu wezimboni anemithwalo yokupholisa ephakathi nendawo nenkulu, okuhlanganisa ngokuqondile: amasistimu okupholisa ajikelezayo amasethi amakhulu ejeneretha, lapho umthamo wombhoshongo owodwa ungenele ukuhlangabezana nesidingo somthwalo kanye namayunithi ayisipele adingekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhubekayo; amasistimu okupholisa ama-reactor ezimbonini zamakhemikhali nezensimbi, lapho umthwalo ushintshashintsha kakhulu futhi ukulungiswa okuguquguqukayo kwamandla okupholisa kuyadingeka; kanye nezinhlelo zokushisisa nokupholisa ezisezindaweni zasemadolobheni, ezinezidingo eziphezulu zokuthembeka kwemishini nokusebenza kahle kwamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezindaweni ezikhethekile zezulu ezifanaukuphakama okuphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, nomswakama ophezulu, idizayini yemojuli-embaxambili yemibhoshongo yokupholisa-emibhoshongo emibili ingathuthukisa ngempumelelo ukushintshana kokushisa ukuze ihlangabezane nesidingo sokupholisa ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezidlulele.

 

 

 

Lapho ukhetha uhlobo, izici ezintathu ezibalulekile kufanele kugxilwe kuzo. Okokuqala,Ukupholisa umthwalo: nquma umthamo wokuklama wombhoshongo owodwa ngokuya ngobukhulu nobuncane bemithwalo yokushisa yesistimu, iqinisekise ukuthi ukusebenza kwemibhoshongo emibili kungahlangabezana-nesidingo somthwalo ogcwele kanye nokusebenza kombhoshongo owodwa kungamboza-isimo sokulayisha esiphansi. Okwesibili,uhlobo lombhoshongo: khetha inhlanganisela yokubala-yokugeleza noma ukuwela{1}}imibhoshongo egelezayo engamawele ngokuya ngendawo yokufaka, izimo zekhwalithi yamanzi, kanye nezimfuneko zokunemba kokupholisa. Ukuze uthole-isikhala esincane kanye{4}}nezimo ezinembayo eziphezulu,imibhoshongo yokugeleza ephindwe kabili-ziyakhethwa; kokugeleza{{0}okukhulu{1}nezimo ze-turbidity eziphezulu,imibhoshongo egelezayo ephindwe kabili-ziyakhethwa. Okwesithathu,uhlelo lokulawula: Okubalulekile kufanele kunikezwe isistimu yokulawula enomsebenzi wokulungisa ukulayisha okuzenzakalelayo, engakwazi ukubona ukushintshwa okuzenzakalelayo phakathi{0}}nombhoshongo owodwa kanye{1}}nomsebenzi wombhoshongo owodwa, okuthuthukisa ubuhlakani nokusebenza kahle kwamandla komsebenzi.

 

 

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-izindleko zokuqala zokutshala imaliwombhoshongo wokupholisa-owombhoshongo ophindwe kabili uphakeme kunalowo-wesikali sokupholisa esinesilinganiso esifanayo, futhi uhlala endaweni enkudlwana. Ngakho-ke, ezimeni ezinomthwalo omncane, indawo elinganiselwe, kanye nezidingo eziphansi zokuphinda zisetshenziswe, umbhoshongo owodwa ubiza kakhulu{3}}. Lapho kukhethwa uhlobo, kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokuphelele ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala, izindleko zokusebenza, izimo zesayithi, kanye nezidingo zokwethembeka kwesistimu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuguquguquka kwesisetshenziswa.