Iyini i-Service Life ye-Cooling Towers?

Njengemishini eyisisekelo yokukhipha ukushisa yeziqandisi zezimboni kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya ezimaphakathi, imibhoshongo yokupholisa ayinayo impilo yesevisi engaguquki, enqunywa ngokuhlanganyela izici ezine ezinkulu: uhlobo lwemishini, impahla eyinhloko, izimo zokusebenza nokugcinwa kwansuku zonke.

 

 

Uhlu lwempilo yesevisi eklanyelwe lwemishini evamile embonini lucacile. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zingafinyelela impilo yazo yesevisi eklanyelwe ngaphansi kokusebenza nokugcinwa okuvamile, kuyilapho ukunakekelwa okunganele kuzonciphisa kakhulu umjikelezo wazo wesevisi. Kunegebe eliphawulekayo empilweni yesevisi phakathi kwezingxenye ezigqokiwe eziwumgogodla kanye nohlaka oluyinhloko, oluzocaciswa kabanzi ngezansi kuhlanganiswe nezimo zangempela zokusebenza.

 

 

 

 

Kukhona umehluko osobala empilweni yesevisi phakathi kokuvulaUkupholisa imibhoshongokanye nemibhoshongo yokupholisa evaliwe ngokohlobo lwesakhiwo. Umbhoshongo wokupholisa ovulekile we-fiberglass uklanyelwe ukusebenza iminyaka eyi-15 kuye kwengama-20, futhi igobolondo lawo lombhoshongo lifaka ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle.

 

 

 

Kodwa-ke, ukugcwaliswa kuthintana ngqo nomoya nokungcola isikhathi eside. Ukugcwaliswa kwe-PVC kuzokhula futhi kube nzima phakathi neminyaka emi-3 kuya kwemi-5 kuphela, kuyilapho ukugcwaliswa kwe-PP kunganweba impilo yesevisi iye eminyakeni engu-6 kuye kwengu-8, okudinga ukushintshwa okujwayelekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kokushintshanisa ukushisa.

 

Uhlaka lwemibhoshongo evulekile ye-dip galvanized steel eshisayo luhlala iminyaka eyi-10 kuye kweyi-15. Ezindaweni ezisogwini ezinesifutho esisindayo sikasawoti kanye nezindawo zamakhemikhali ezine-asidi ne-alkali, ungqimba olunathayela lusengozini enkulu yokugqwala nokubhobozwa phakathi neminyaka emi-5, okuholela ekwehleni ngokushesha kwamandla esakhiwo.

 

 

 

 

Imibhoshongo yokupholisa evaliwe yamukela isakhiwo sokushintshana kokushisa kwekhoyili evaliwe, lapho okungaphakathi kungahlangani nothuli lwangaphandle nama-microorganisms, ehlisa kakhulu izingozi zokugqwala nokukalwa.

 

Umbhoshongo wokupholisa ojwayelekile ovaliweenamakhoyili ensimbi engagqwali angu-304 iphila impilo yonke yesevisi yeminyaka engama-20 kuya kwengama-25. Labo abahlome ngensimbi engagqwali engu-316L bafanele ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali nasogwini, futhi bangasebenza ngokuqhubekayo iminyaka engama-25 kuye kwengama-30 ngokulungiswa okujwayelekile.

 

 

Amapayipi ajikelezayo angaphakathi ahlala ehlanzekile isikhathi eside{0}}, futhi isifutho sangaphandle kuphela esidinga ukuhlanzwa njalo nokushintshwa, okuholela kumjikelezo wokulungisa omude kakhulu kunemibhoshongo evulekile.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Okubalulekile kuyisici esiyinhloko esinquma umkhawulo ongaphezulu wempilo yesevisi yombhoshongo wokupholisa. Amagobolondo e-fiberglass e-FRP amelana ne-asidi ne-alkali futhi anokugqwala-angubufakazi bokugqwala, akwazi ukusebenza iminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-20 ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile zangaphandle.

 

 

Noma kunjalo, ukuchayeka{0}isikhathi eside emisebeni eqinile ye-ultraviolet kuzodala ukuchakika nokuqhekeka; amagobolondo angenawo{1}}okunamathelayo okulwa nokuguga angase aqhekeke futhi avuze ngemva kweminyaka eyi-10. I-Pultruded anti-corrosion fiberglass iletha ukumelana nesimo sezulu okuphezulu, ngamamodeli{5}}ekhwalithi ephezulu anikeza impilo yesevisi engaphezu kweminyaka engama-30.

 

Okushisayo-i-dip galvanized carbon steel iza ngezindleko eziphansi, ehlala iminyaka eyi-10 kuya kweyi-15 ezimbonini ezijwayelekile ezinamanzi ahlanzekile azungezayo, nokho impilo yayo yesevisi izokwehliswa ngohhafu ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwekhwalithi embi yamanzi nama-ion e-chloride eqile.

 

Insimbi engagqwali engu-304 ilingana nezimo ezijwayelekile zezimboni nempilo yesevisi yeminyaka engama-20–25, kuyilapho insimbi engagqwali engu-316L igqama ekufuthweni kukasawoti nokungagqwali kwamakhemikhali, okwenza ukusebenza okuzinzile iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezinzima.

 

Amafreyimu amakhulu kakhonkolo wemibhoshongo yokupholisa izimboni anokuqina okuphezulu kakhulu nempilo yesevisi eklanyelwe yeminyaka engama-30 kuye kwengama-50, edinga kuphela ukushintshwa okujwayelekile nokugcinwa kokugcinwa kokugcwaliswa kwangaphakathi namapayipi ensimbi. Ama-fan motors, ama-bearings nama-gaskets yizingxenye ezijwayelekile zokugqoka.

 

Ngisho noma umzimba wombhoshongo uhlala unjalo, izinjini zidinga ukuhlolwa noma ukushintshwa njalo eminyakeni eyi-8 kuye kweyi-10, futhi ama-bearings kufanele agcwaliswe okokugcoba njalo eminyakeni emi-3; uma kungenjalo, umsindo ongavamile nokudlidliza kuzokwenzeka futhi kusheshise ukugqokwa kwemishini yonke.

 

 

 

 

 

Izimo zokusebenza zifinyeza ngokuqondile noma zelule impilo yesevisi yemishini. Amafekthri anamanzi-asezingeni eliphezulu{2}}esikhathi eside aphezulu, amanzi azungezayo aqinile angalungiswanga, uthuli olusindayo, isifutho sikasawoti kanye negesi yemfucuza yamakhemikhali afakaza ngokuphindwe kabili izinga lokugqwala nokukalwa.

 

Ukusebenza-kwesikhathi eside ngamanzi aqinile kwenza i-limescale ewugqinsi kumakhoyili nasekugcwalisweni, okunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokushintshisana kokushisa futhi kubangele ukugqwala kwengcindezi yendawo. Ama-ion e-chloride asuka egesi yemfucuza yamakhemikhali nomoya wasolwandle osogwini ahlala ecekela phansi izingxenye zensimbi.

 

Imibhoshongo yokupholisa engenawo umthamo wamakhemikhali wamanzi namasistimu okuhlunga aseceleni azolahlekelwa{0}}okukodwa kokuthathu kwayo yonke impilo yawo yesevisi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izakhiwo zasendlini noma amafekthri ajwayelekile anekhwalithi yamanzi ezinzile, izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi lamanzi angenayo nendawo ehlanzekile zibona ukuguga kwemishini ehamba kancane, futhi amayunithi amaningi angafinyelela noma adlule impilo yawo yesevisi eklanyelwe.

 

 

 

 

Ukunakekelwa kwansuku zonke kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe impilo yesevisi eklanyelwe, futhi ukunganakekeli okwanele kuzoholela ekukhishweni kwemishini ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukugcinwa okujwayelekile kuqukethe amamojula amane: ukulawula ikhwalithi yamanzi, ukuhlanza njalo, ukunqanda ukubola{1}}kwesakhiwo kanye nokuvikela isizini.

 

 

Inani le-pH yamanzi nobulukhuni kufanele kuqashelwe nyanga zonke, isikali kanye ne-corrosion inhibitors kufanele kuthathwe umthamo, futhi i-blowdown kufanele yenziwe njalo ukuze kwehliswe isilinganiso sokuhlushwa. Ukugcwalisa kufanele kugezwe, kukhishwe udaka ezitsheni zamanzi futhi imibhobho yesifutho ivalwe njalo ngekota.

 

Izakhiwo zensimbi zizohlolelwa ukukhishwa nokupenda kabusha, futhi ukuqhekeka kwamagobolondo e-fiberglass kulungiswa minyaka yonke. Amanzi ayizinsalela azokhanywa futhi kwengezwe isinqanda-qhwa ebusika ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwamapayipi.

 

Ukuntuleka kokuhlanza isikhathi eside{0}kuzobangela ukuvaleka kokugcwalisa, ukugcwala kwemoto kanye nokugqwala kohlaka. Imibhoshongo evulekile ye-Fiberglass enempilo yokuqala yeminyaka eyi-15 ingase idinge ukushintshwa ngokugcwele phakathi neminyaka eyi-8 ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima zokusebenza.

 

 

 

 

Ngokusekelwe kuzinqubo zobunjiniyela bezimboni, impilo yesevisi evamile yokucushwa okujwayelekile ezimbonini ezijwayelekile imi kanje: imibhoshongo yokupholisa evulekile ye-fiberglass egcinwe kahle ingasebenza iminyaka engu-12 kuya kwengu-18, futhi okushisayo{2}}ukucwilisa imibhoshongo evulekile yensimbi evulekile iminyaka engu-8 kuya kwengu-15; izindawo zokupholisa ezivaliwe ezinamakhoyili angu-304 ensimbi engagqwali zisebenza ngokuzinza iminyaka engu-20 kuya kwengu-25, kuyilapho imibhoshongo evimbela ukugqwala evala{8} esebenzisa insimbi engagqwali engu-316L izuza impilo yesevisi yeminyaka engu-25 kuya kwengu-30.

 

 

 

 

Lapho benza izinqumo zokuthenga, abathengi akufanele bagxile kuphela ezindlekweni zokuthenga kokuqala. Izinto ezihambisana nendawo yesevisi zizokhethwa kanye nezinhlelo zokulungisa ezisezingeni. Lokhu akukwazi nje ukwelula umjikelezo wesevisi yezinto zokusebenza, kodwa futhi kunciphise izindleko eziphelele ezivela ekushintshweni njalo kwemishini nokulungiswa kokuvala shaqa.